Material Safety Data Sheet for Citrus Solvent

Distributed by:

The Real Milk Paint Co.
11 West Pumping Station Road
Quakertown, PA 18951
Phone: 215-538-3886
Fax: 215-538-5435

Preparation Date: November 2009

Product Name: TECHNICAL GRADE d-LIMONENE

DESCRIPTION

d-Limonene is a biodegradable solvent occurring in nature as the main component of orange peel oil. d-Limonene's positive environmental profile and pleasant orange aroma have earned the product acceptance in many diverse chemical applications. d-Limonene can be used in its pure form, blended with other solvents, or easily emulsified to make water soluble cleaning products. d-Limonene is 100% bio-based and is GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) rated.

USES & APPLICATIONS

d-Limonene is a safer alternative to toxic, hazardous, and dangerous petroleum-derived chemicals. It can be used to formulate parts cleaner, engine degreaser (automotive, aircraft, and aerospace industries), electronics cleaner, tar cleaner, asphalt release agent, graffiti remover, grease trap maintainer, heat transfer fluid, lift station and sewage treatment solvent.

d-Limonene is excellent in household, institutional and industrial product formulations such as: hand cleaner, adhesive remover, hard surface cleaner, floor cleaner, automotive cleaner, ink cleaners, carpets/stain cleaner, metal cleaner, petroleum tank cleaner, asbestos abatement cleaner, and oil field solvents. It is also commonly used as an aerosol ingredient, fragrance ingredient, fragrance additive or odor mask in formulated products.

New application for d-Limonene are emerging daily. D-Limonene is also showing promise in medical and pharmaceutical fields.

Section 1. – Product and Company Identification

Product Name: Technical Grade d-Limonene
Product Code: 30100
Synonyms: Citrus Stripper Oil, Terrene Hydrocarbons
Issue Date: May 2006

24 hrs. Chem-Tel 800-255-3924 (within continental US)
24 hrs. 813-248-0585 (collect) (outside continental US)

Section 2. – Hazards Identification

Emergency Overview
Appearance/Odor: Colorless to pale yellow liquid with citrus aroma.

Product is Combustible.

Slippery when spilled.
Potential Health Effects: See Section 11 for more information.
Likely Routes of Exposure: Eye contact, skin contact, inhalation.
Eye: Causes moderate to severe irritation.
Skin: May cause slight redness. Prolonged or repeated exposure may cause drying of the skin.
Inhalation: May cause nose, throat, and respiratory tract irritation, coughing, headache.
Ingestion: Not likely to be toxic, but may cause vomiting, headache, or other medical problems.
Medical Conditions Aggravated By Exposure: May irritate the skin of people with pre-existing skin conditions.

This product does not contain any carcinogens or potential carcinogens as listed by OSHA< IARC< ACGIH or NTP.

OSHA Regulatory Status
This material is combustible, which is defined as having a flash point between 100°F (37.8°C) and 200°F (93.3°C). Combustible materials are hazardous according to the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200).

Section 3. – Composition / Information on Ingredients

Hazardous Components	CAS No.	% by Wt.
Citrus Terrenes	94266-47-4	100

Section 4. – First Aid Measures

Eye Contact:	Remove contact lenses at once. Flush with water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation persists, seek medical attention.
Skin Contact:	Wash affected area with copious amounts of soap and water. If irritation develops, seek medical attention.
Inhalation:	If symptoms of overexposure are experienced, move to fresh air. If symptoms persist, seek medical attention.
Ingestion:	Seek medical attention immediately. DO NOT induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water. DO NOT administer anything by mouth to an unconscious person. DO NOT leave victim unattended.
General:	As with any chemical, employees should thoroughly wash hands with soap and water after handling this material.

Section 5. – Fire Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media:	Carbon dioxide, foam or dry chemical. Caution: Carbon dioxide will displace air in confined spaces and may created an oxygen deficient atmosphere.
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media:	Water.
Products of Combustion:	Forms acrid fumes, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide.
Protection of Firefighters:	Vapors may be irritating to eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and full fire-fighting turnout gear.

Section 6. – Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions:	Use personal protection recommended in Section 8. Product is slippery when spilled. Isolate the hazard area. Deny entry to unnecessary and unprotected personnel.
Environmental Precautions:	Keep out of drains, sewers, ditches and waterways.
Methods for Containment:	Dike spill area and cap leaking containers as necessary to prevent further spreading of spilled material. Absorb spilled liquid with suitable material such as dirt or sand.
Methods for Clean Up:	Eliminate all ignition sources. Use equipment rated for use around combustible materials. Oil soared rags my spontaneously combust; place in appropriate disposal container.
Other Information:	There are no special reporting requirements for spills of this material.

Section 7. – Handling and Storage

Handling:
Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Open container slowly to release pressure caused by temperature variations. Do no allow this material to come in contact with eyes. Avoid prolonged contact with skin. Use in well ventilated areas. Do not breathe vapors. Drum lining may occasionally chip and fall to the bottom of container; product should be filtered or strained before blending or repackaging. As with any chemical, employees should thoroughly wash hands with soap and water after handling this material.

Storage:
Product may be packaged in phenol-lined steel containers or fluorinated plastic containers. Store in well ventilated area with proper sprinkler/fire deterrent system. Storage temperature should not exceed the flash point for extended periods of time. Keep container closed when no in use. Air should be excluded from partially filled containers by displacing with nitrogen or carbon dioxide. Do not cut, drill, grind or weld on or near this container; residual vapors may ignite.

Section 8. – Exposure Controls / Personal Protection

Exposure Guidelines
d-Limonene	8h TAW=30 ppm (AIHA Standard)
TWA - Time Weighted Average
Engineering Controls:	Provide ventilation. Keep away from sparks and flames.
Eye/Face Protection:	Wear safety glasses or goggles.
Skin Protection:	Nitride gloves are recommended. Boots apron, or bodysuit should be worn as necessary.
Respiratory Protection:	Not normally required. If adequate ventilation is unavailable, use NIOSH approved air-purifying respirator with organic vapor cartridge or canister.
General Hygiene Considerations:	Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Have eyewash and emergency shower facilities immediately available. Launder contaminated clothing before reuse.

Section 9. – Physical and Chemical Properties

Color:	Colorless to pale yellow.
Odor:	Citrus aroma
Physical State:	Liquid
Boiling Point:	349°F (176°C)
Melting Point:	-140°F(-96°C), thickens at -108°F(-78°C)
Specific Gravity:	0.838 to 0.843 @ 68°F(20°C)
Refractive Index:	1.471 to 1.474
Optical Rotation:	+96° to +104°
Vapor Pressure:	<2mmHg @ 68°F(20°C)
Flash Point:	(CCCFP):>110°F(43°C)
Flammable Limits:	LEL approx. 0.7%, UEL approx. 6.1%
Autoignition Temperature:	458°F(237°C)
Solubility in Water:	Insoluble
Evaporation Rate:	0.2(BuAc=1)
Evaporation Rate:	0.2(BuAc=1)

Note: These specifications represent a typical sample of this product, but actual values may vary. Certificates of Analysis and Specification Sheets are available upon request.

Section 10. – Stability and Reactivity

Stability:	Stable
Conditions to Avoid:	Keep away from heat, sparks and flames
Incompatible Materials:	Strong oxidizing agents and strong acids, including acidic clays, peroxides, halogens, vinyl chloride, and iodine pentaflouride.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:	Oxides of citrus terpenes, which can result from improper storage and handling, are known to cause skin sensitization.
Possibility of Hazardous Reactions:	To prevent oxidation, avoid long-term exposure to air. If storing partially filled container, fill headspace with an inert gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide.

Section 11. – Toxicological Information

Acute Effects
Citrus terpenes have been shown to have low oral toxicity (LD50>5 g/kg) and low dermal toxicity (LD50>5g/kg) when tested on rabbits. Citrus terpenes also showed low toxicity by inhalation (RD50>1g/kg) when tested on mice. The skin irritancy of limonene in guinea pigs and rabbits is considered moderate and low, respectively. Inhalation may cause irritation of the nose, throat, and respiratory tract.

Chronic Effects
This product is not classified as a carcinogen by OSHA, IARC, ACGIH or NTP. This product has not been shown to produce genetic changes when tested on bacterial or animal cells. This product does not contain known reproductive or developmental toxins. Prolonged or repeated exposure can cause drying or dermatitis of skin. Improper storage and handling may lead to the formation of a possible skin sensitizer.

Section 12. – Ecological Information

Ecotoxicity:	There is no information available at this time for this product. However, a spill may produce significant toxicity to aquatic organisms and ecosystems. Some studies have shown that certain bacteria and fungi have the ability to degrade terpenes, decreasing their toxicity to fish. When spilled, this product may act as an oil, causing a film, sheen, emulsion or sludge at or beneath the surface of a body of water.
Persistence/Degradability:	Product is expected to be readily biodegradable.
Bioaccumulation/Accumulation:	No appreciable bioconcentration is expected in the environment.
Mobility in Environment:	Citrus terpenes volatilize rapidly.

Section 13. – Disposal Considerations

Disposal:

Incinerate or dispose of in accordance with Local, State, and Federal Regulations. Taking regulations into consideration, waste may be incinerated or handled through EPA Spill Control Plan via landfill or dilution. Commercially clean containers prior to disposal. Oil soaked rags should be disposed of properly to prevent spontaneous combustion.

Section 14. – Transport Information

US DOT Shipping Classification

Proper Shipping Name:	TERPENE HYDROCARBONS; N.O.S
Hazard Class:	3
Identification No.:	UN2319
Packing Group:	III
Label/Placard:	exception §173.150(f) applies,
TDG Status:	Hazardous
IMO Status:	Hazardous
IATA Stuatus:	Hazardous

The listed transportation classification does not address regulatory variations due to changes in package size, mode of shipment or other regulatory descriptions.

Section 15. – Regulatory Information

Global Inventories
This product is included in the following inventories:
USA (TSCA)
Canada (DSL)
Europe (EINECS/ELINCS/Polymer/NLP)
Australia (AICS)
Korea (KECL)
Philippines (PICCS)
Japan (ENCS)

The United States FDA lists d-limonene as GRAS in 21 CFR section 182.20 and 182.6.

d-Limonene is a 100% natural, biodegradable product extracted from the peel of citrus fruit.

Proposition 65 - California Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Ace of 1986
This product is not known to contain any chemicals currently listed as carcinogens or reproductive toxins under California Proposition 65 at levels which would be subject to the proposition.

SARA Title III (Section 313)
This substance contains no materials subject to the reporting requirements of SARA Title III (Section 313).

Section 16. – Other Information

NFPA 704: National Fire Protection Association
Health - 1 (slight hazard)
Fire: 2 (moderate)
Reactivity - 0 (minimal hazard)

EINECS Number 304-454-3

d-Limonene is the major component of citrus terpenes, with the balance consisting of other terpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds - octanal, myrcene alpha-pinene,, linalool predominant. D-Limonene is a by-product of citrus, entirely of natural origin, and to the best of our knowledge contains no artificial flavors, sulfites, nitrites, or pesticide residue exceeding tolerances established by the FDA. D-Limonene does NOT contain lead, cadmium, mercury, or hexavalent chromium or come in contact with these chemicals since it is an citrus derived essential oil produced by steam/vacuum distillation. Further d-Limonene is packaged in food grade containers with inert liners that do NOT contain lead, cadmium, mercury, or hexavalent chromium. D-Limonene does NOT contain and is NOT manufactured with any of the Class I or II ozone-depleting substances listed under the United States Clean Air Act of 1990.

PACKAGING
D-Limonene is packaged in phenolic-lined containers as follows:

1 Gallon Pail	7 Pounds Net Weight	3.2 kg Net Weight
5 Gallon Pail	35 Pounds Net Weight	16 kg Net Weight
55 Gallon Drum	390 Pounds Net Weight	177 kg Net Weight

Drums are typically orange or black DOT approved steel drums coated with a phenolic resin liner. All drums of our domestic d-Limonene are filled to a new weight of 390 lbs. Dimensions of 55-gallon drums are diameter 23” and height 35”. Imported drums of Brazilian d-Limonene vary slightly in net weight - weight should be verified when ordering. Tank truck shipments average 6500 gallons (45,000 lbs.),. Overseas ISO tank shipments are either 20,000 liters (16,800 kg) or 24,000 liters (20,160 kg). Sample quantities (gallons & pints) are packaged in fluorinated plastic containers or glass (1 oz. samples).

Legend
ACIGH - American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
AIHA - American industrial Hygiene Association
BHT - Butylated Hydroxytoluene
EPA - United States Environmental Protection Agency
FDA - United States Food and Drug Administration
GRAS - Generally Recognized as Safe
IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer
NIOSH - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
NTP - National Toxicology Program
OSHA - United States Occupational Health and Safety Administration

Caution: The user should conduct his/her own experiments and establish proper procedures and control before attempting use on critical parts.

The information contained in this document is believed to be current and accurate. It is given in good faith and without warranty, expressed or implied, as to its accuracy. Anyone using this product is solely responsible for determining its suitability in any given application.

© All rights reserved by "The Real Milk Paint Co." and Dwayne Siever.
Duplication and reprinting permitted for personal use only. No reprinting, copying all or part for publication or any other use without written permission.